Panic reigned supreme in the halls of
Morocco’s government yesterday. All of the political forces of the kingdom were
placed on high alert as news surfaced of a US proposal to expand the UN mission
in the Western Sahara to include human rights monitoring in the region and the
POISARIO-controlled Tindouf camps in Algeria. Leaders of major political
parties and the Moroccan cabinet were summoned to an emergency meeting in the
palace. The details of the high level meeting with the king are unknown,
but there was a swift statement
rejecting the U.S. proposal and a terse condemnation of alleged
U.S. “bias and unilateral move.” Morocco even announced today the cancelation of annual joint military exercise
with the U.S.
This marks a departure from past
measured and carefully crafted communiqués, especially dealing with the U.S.
which has been a staunch ally and benefactor of Morocco. This proposal was,
however, expected given the increased pressure and attention devoted to human
rights in the Western Sahara, and the UN desire to have human rights monitored,
in the words of UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon, by a “neutral party”.
The shift in US position may also be a
reflection of the change in the new leadership of the State Department. Secretary
of State John Kerry is known for his close relationship with the Kennedys. Last
August 2010, Kerry Kennedy, along with a delegation
from the Robert F. Kennedy Center for Justice and Human Rights,
visited the Western Sahara to assess the state of human rights. The delegation
was accused of bias by Moroccan authorities, while the delegation accused
Moroccan officials of hampering their movement in the city of La’ayoune.
Recently, there has been a palpable pivot
in the conflict away from self-determination towards human rights violations by
both sides. Morocco has largely been portrayed as the culprit of abuses of
individual and group liberties in the region and for good cause. Sahrawis
remain limited in the ability to peacefully protest and are subject to police
brutality, and extra-judicial proceedings. Last February, a military tribunal
sentenced several civilian individuals involved in the Gdim Izik
incidents of November 2010 to harsh prison terms ranging from 20
years to life in prison.
Over the last several months, Morocco has
been losing the battle for international public opinion. Several organizations
have condemned Morocco’s treatment of civilians in the Western Sahara. Even
A-list celebrities have joined in the pressure on the kingdom. Last month, Hollywood actor
Javier Bardem came to the United States to publicize his new
documentary feature film on the state of human rights violations in the Western
Sahara. The visit also included a high level congressional screening of his “Sons of Clouds: The Last Colony”
and a prime time interview with CNN’s Amanpour.
Yesterday’s news and scurried Moroccan
reaction underscores the failure of Morocco’s foreign policy establishment and
its haphazard handling of the dossier of the Western Sahara. Despite the
millions of dollars spent on public relations and lobbying, officials seemed to
have been caught off guard with US plans.
The shift in US position is also
indicative of the new trend in US foreign policy in the aftermath of the so
called “Arab Spring,” where the US pushes ever so sheepishly the cause of
democratic liberal reforms in the region, albeit with the usual double-standard
lens. Morocco will be better served to promote democratization in the disputed land, while
still maintaining its historical claims to the Sahara. The two are not
mutually exclusive. On the contrary, its heavy-handed strategy and repression in the region will
only diminish the legitimacy of its ties to the people and territory of the Western Sahara.
It is unclear if the US proposal will be adopted, since France is likely to veto it in the Security Council. Nonetheless, this is such an embarrassment to Morocco and its agents of diplomacy in the US and at the UN. It behooves the Moroccan authorities to reassess its policies in the Western Sahara, but most importantly, the handling of this contentious and stalemated conflict by its foreign policy makers.
